The main influencing factors of myopia are environmental factors and genetic factors. Among the environmental factors, close work, electronic products, reading and writing habits, lighting and lighting are closely related to the occurrence and development of myopia.

Scientific research shows that increasing outdoor activities and reducing electronic products close work can prevent myopia. It is suggested that young people should spend no less than 2 hours in the sun every day, increase outdoor activities, and try to avoid exposure to electronic products.

The medical intervention of myopia needs to establish a complete set of scientific prevention and control system. The most important prevention measures are to monitor and intervene the behavior of teenagers, to check the hyperopia reserve and binocular vision function, and to standardize the eye habits of children and adolescents. How to effectively monitor and correct the behavior of using eyes has always been one of the difficulties in the prevention and control of juvenile myopia.

"Controlling the degree of myopia and deepening the incidence rate of high myopia is one of the major tasks of scientific prevention and control of myopia." Due to the growth of ocular axis and the change of eyeball shape, the hidden danger of other eye diseases in high myopia patients increases sharply. Due to the thinning of retina, retinal holes and degeneration may occur in patients with high myopia; the incidence of high myopia and glaucoma is higher than that of the general population. These hazards make high myopia not to be underestimated.

At present, the treatment of myopia mainly focuses on the control of peripheral defocus special lens represented by orthokeratology lens, and the improvement of accommodation lag technology based on binocular visual function training. Professor Xie Peiying said that teenagers are not suitable for myopia surgery because their eyes are still developing. At present, one of the safe methods to effectively control and delay the development of myopia and prevent children from developing into pathological high myopia is the scientific fitting of orthokeratology lens. Research shows that the effect of orthokeratology lens on reducing myopia development is far better than that of ordinary frame glasses: the myopia of children wearing ordinary frame glasses increases by about 50 to 75 degrees a year, some even higher; the myopia of children wearing orthokeratology glasses only increases about 10-25 degrees a year.

But Professor Xie also pointed out that because orthokeratology lens is a third kind of medical device, it is necessary to go to a medical institution with medical qualification, and a doctor with relevant qualification must carry out professional fitting.